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Have you ever wondered about the twin paradox? Why would one twin age faster than the other if all motion is relative? Authors invoke acceleration as the answer, but either twin can be considered the accelerated twin and the other twin the non-accelerated twin. Either twin can be the younger twin.
There must be a different answer, and Joe Sorge provides it in this episode. Joe leaves us with a tantalizing challenge: we must find the true universal stationary frame of space.
Like and subscribe to Ask Us Whatever and we’ll see you in the next edition of the special relativity series. If you missed any episodes or want to review a previous episode, find it here or on our website. View this video with a transcript on our website https://askuswhatever.com.
#Einstein #SpecialRelativity #Physics #TimeDilation #TwinParadox #DifferentialAging
Was Einstein lucky or a genius (or perhaps both)? Joe Sorge poses this provocative question in this episode of the Ask Us Whatever Special Relativity series. Watch as Joe discusses Einstein’s method for synchronizing two distant clocks using a light signal published in 1905. With his method, the time for light to travel between clocks leads to a first-order difference in their readings that ultimately creates the illusion that light travels at the same speed with respect to all reference frames. Critics of special relativity have noted that this synchronization method is arbitrary and that other synchronization methods would not preserve a constant one-way speed of light. In 1924 Arthur Eddington pointed out that, according to special relativity, if two adjacent clocks were to be slowly separated, time-dilation would cause their readings to drift apart, and that the difference between clock readings would almost perfectly equal the first-order difference created by Einstein’s synchronization protocol. In other words, the natural act of separating otherwise identical clocks would lead to a first-order difference in readings nearly matching what is produced by Einstein’s protocol. While Einstein addressed time dilation in his 1905 paper, he described its second-order effect but did not mention this first-order effect. And so, while Einstein’s synchronization protocol nearly mimics what happens naturally to identical clocks that are separated slowly on the earth, he appeared to be unaware of this fact. While his brilliant special theory of relativity came close to mimicking an earth-based reality, the concordance in this case was due more to luck than his exceptional brilliance.
Like and subscribe to Ask Us Whatever and we’ll see you in the next edition of the special relativity series. If you missed any episodes or want to review a previous episode, find it here or on our website. View this video with a transcript on our website https://askuswhatever.com.
#Einstein #SpecialRelativity #Physics #TimeDilation
Episode 9.6 makes the case for a universal preferred reference frame. Joe Sorge takes us through a set-up that introduces a neutral observer in a third frame of reference and compares it to the set-up we learned about in E7.4 where there were two reference frames. By walking through the results of the Lorentz Transformations and the Velocity Addition formula in both set ups, Joe adeptly shows that while a third reference frame with a neutral observer allows for some additional symmetry, it fails to provide the original numerical relationships between frames or between objects within frames. Joe checks time elapsed, clock offsets, length contraction, and time dilation. Despite the symmetry, Joe shows that the Lorentz model does not predict the correct real-world results. Watch the whole episode for a full explanation.
Like and subscribe to Ask Us Whatever and we’ll see you in the next edition of the special relativity series. If you missed any episodes or want to review a previous episode, find it here or on our website. View this video with transcript on our website https://askuswhatever.com.
#Einstein #SpecialRelativity #Physics
Episode 9.3 reveals that Fizeau’s perplexing 1859 experimental result has not yet been explained mechanistically. Von Laue, in 1907, proposed that Einstein’s special theory of relativity explains why light travels through moving water at a speed that is less than the speed of light through stationary water plus the speed of the water. Watch as Joe demonstrates with devasting clarity, that Von Laue’s model to explain the Fizeau result is inconsistent with the principle of relativity. In fact, Joe lays down a challenge to all scientists, that the true explanation for the Fizeau result is likely still waiting to be discovered. Don’t miss this episode and perhaps consider taking up the challenge!
Like and subscribe to Ask Us Whatever and we’ll see you in the next edition of the special relativity series. If you missed any episodes or want to review a previous episode, find it here or on our website. View this video with transcript on our website https://askuswhatever.com.
#Einstein #SpecialRelativity #Physics
Joe Sorge is back with another episode of the Ask Us Whatever Special Relativity series. In this episode Joe takes on another logical flaw in the theory of special relativity. Namely, that the formula symmetry of the Lorentz transformations does not reflect the real world. Watch as Joe carefully walks through the conclusions special relativity forces us to make and how these conclusions simply don’t work in the real world. It is a fascinating episode worth watching more than once.
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#Einstein #SpecialRelativity #Physics
As we showed in Episode 9.1, the textbook formula for relativistic velocity addition is straight forward. However, its dependence on length contraction and Einstein clock synchronization cause the formula to be observer dependent. The multiple constraints imposed by observers located in more than two reference frames quickly makes the velocity addition formula and the underlying special theory of relativity unworkable.
Joe Sorge brings reality back to velocity addition by using a preferred reference frame. Watch as Joe derives the Alternative Model velocity addition formula based on velocities with respect to such a preferred reference frame. In this episode, groundwork is put in place to generalize the velocity addition formula so that relative velocities can be computed between multiple objects in multiple reference frames. More on this will be revealed in a future episode.
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In this installment of the Ask Us Whatever Relativity series, Joe Sorge walks us through the derivation of the time and distance transformations for his Alternative Model. He shows how the Alternative Model provides solutions for many of the weaknesses inherent in the Lorentz transformations and in Special Relativity. Before watching “Alternative to Lorentz Transformations”, you may want to review Episode 7.1 which introduced the nomenclature and concepts that Joe expands upon here. Then please return to watch this new episode which provides some of the tools to better understand our universe.
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#Einstein #SpecialRelativity #SpaceTime #Universe
“Einstein Velocity Addition – And Other Magic Tricks” details six somewhat implausible assumptions and calculations that are required to produce Einstein’s velocity addition formula.
As Joe Sorge reminds us, Special Relativity asks us to believe lengths contract, times dilate, and clocks adjust themselves as required by any observer in any inertial reference frame. This quickly becomes an impossibility when the constraints of multiple observers in multiple reference frames need to be accommodated. Luckily, Joe has a solution for us that he will introduce in the next episode. Stay tuned.
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In this episode of the Ask Us Whatever Relativity series, host Joe Sorge shows that the GPS navigation system would fail if the atomic clocks aboard GPS satellites were synchronized with Einstein’s method. Such clocks must be adjusted to compensate for the relativistic effects of gravity and speed on time dilation, but they cannot be synchronized using Einstein synchronization. Joe walks us through the Sagnac Effect and the differences between Einstein clock synchronization and the absolute synchronization method relied upon by GPS systems and by coordinate universal time (UTC) atomic clocks. Joe makes clear that in the reference frame of the Earth, light speed is NOT constant if measured with atomic clocks that have been absolutely synchronized, and that Einstein synchronization creates the illusion of constant light speed in moving inertial reference frames; whereas absolute clock synchronization reveals this illusion.
#Veritasium #PBSSpaceTime #QuantaMagazine #Einstein #SagnacEffect #LightSpeed
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Relying on Einstein's 1905 special relativity paper, Joe Sorge walks us through Einstein's convention for measuring time. Clocks that are synchronized according to Einstein’s 1905 convention will report different readings depending on their locations along the axis of motion (clock offset). These differences in clock readings will “augment computed elapsed time” for travel antiparallel to the direction of reference frame motion, and will “decrease computed elapsed time” for travel parallel to the direction of reference frame motion. These adjustments to the measurement of elapsed time are critical to maintaining special relativity’s illusion that light travels at a constant speed in all inertial reference frames. Contrary to popular belief, if clocks instead are “synchronized absolutely”, as are the earth-based atomic clocks that keep track of time internationally, and as are used in GPS navigation systems, light speed as measured with such clocks is not constant in all directions.
#Veritasium #PBSSpaceTime #Einstein #TheRoyalInstitution #LightSpeed
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Joe Sorge is back with another installment in the Relativity series and it is worth the wait! Joe makes a compelling argument about the logical inconsistencies of the traditional Lorentz transformations, which underpin special relativity. While a mathematically elegant solution, he points to the many conceptual flaws. This episode promises to send a chapter of the bible of physics up in flames. With careful precision and some simple, but devastatingly effective examples, Joe may just have you rethinking special relativity.
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In episode 6.2, Joe Sorge guides us through the logic behind the Alternative Model to Special Relativity. Watch as he takes us on a journey from the garden to the studio to demonstrate why we don't need length contraction to explain observational data. If we eliminate length contraction from the Lorentz-Einstein model, it leads to the alternative explanation that light emitted from a moving source travels at faster speeds than c in the longitudinal direction, at speed c in the transverse direction, and somewhere in between when traveling at an angle, as observed from a stationary frame of reference.
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In this episode of the Ask Us Whatever Special Relativity Series, host Joe Sorge deviates from orthodox teachings. Length contraction, the accepted solution to the Michelson Morley Dilemma (detailed in episodes 4 & 5), may not be the only answer. Watch as Joe Sorge lays out the implausibilities of length contraction and proposes that light is not always required to travel at speed c. This episode presents a bold challenge to Special Relativity and offers some creative insights inquisitive viewers will thrill to consider.
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In episode 4 of the special relativity series watch as Joe Sorge details the reasoning leading up to the famous 19th century experiment by scientists Michelson and Morley. You won’t want to miss this fascinating account of the experiment and why its results proved to be such a dilemma. One that is not fully resolved to this day. Length contraction has become the widely accepted solution to the dilemma and the one that Einstein incorporated in his special theory of relativity, but is it the correct solution?
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Length contraction, proposed by Hendrik Lorentz, offers a solution to the Michelson Morley dilemma explained in our last episode. It is the foundational concept underpinning Einstein’s special theory of relativity and thus is a foundational concept in physics. Watch as Joe Sorge walks us through an engaging and bite sized explanation of length contraction. You won’t want to miss this thought experiment journey.
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In this follow up episode exploring time dilation, Joe Sorge explains its practical implications. Without accounting for time dilation, atomic clocks in orbit and GPS devices would fail becoming wildly inaccurate. We also learn how the concept of universal time dilation brings into question one of the postulates of special relativity.
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Can we really slow down aging by traveling rapidly?
Does someone in motion really experience time differently than someone standing still?
In short, yes, but was Einstein correct about the true reduction in clock rate?
In this series on Special Relativity, we attempt to explain the fundamental concepts, answer questions, and correct some fundamental assumptions adopted by Einstein but now prove incorrect.
Part 1 covers explains the basic concept of moving reference frames, and sets the stage for time dilation with a musical analogy to help explain how motion can alter our perceptions of time.
View this episode with transcript on our website https://askuswhatever.com.
In Special Relativity episode 3 part 1, we explore something quite unusual -- time dilation. That is, clocks ticking at different rates. The faster you move, the slower your seconds become! Time dilation is very counter-intuitive but we will break it down so you can understand it... Join us in this episode to learn more!
View this episode with transcript on our website https://askuswhatever.com.
Simultaneous events are in the eyes of the beholder.
The synchronization of clocks is confounded by the speed of communication between clock locations.
As clocks move, they not only slow down, but they become more difficult to synchronize.
In episode 2 of our series on Special Relativity, we explain what happens to three musicians on a moving train as they try to play in time with each other, and why it proves to be quite a challenge.
View this episode with transcript on our website https://askuswhatever.com.
Welcome to Ask Us Whatever, a brand new show that explores complicated topics in humorous language, offering new insights along the way. Our educational series aims to provide a fresh view of complex themes in science, economics, and human behavior. Join us as we dive into territories both charted and uncharted, to get to know our world and our universe.
Ask Us Whatever host, Joe Sorge, has a passion for thinking deeply about a wide array of subjects and presenting his ideas with clarity and humor. His directorial debut was the documentary film Divorce Corp, which sparked a reform movement in 2014. He also executive produced noted sports films, The Art of Flight and View from a Blue Moon, and the social comedy Working Moms. Joe graduated M.I.T. and Harvard with degrees in chemistry, biology, and medicine. He founded the biotechnology company, Stratagene, and is an adjunct Member of the Research Institute of Scripps Clinic.