This the fifth in my Climate Science series debunking the so-called 'greenhouse effect'.
Climate Science 5; The IPCCs Forcing Estimates are Wrong Too.
Apology - mistake at 11:05 it was Mt Tambora not Krakatoa which exploded in 1815.
REFERENCES;
Neyman, J. (1937). X—outline of a theory of statistical estimation based on the classical theory of probability. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London.
CMIP5 Models uses 73 and 42 models. Compartison with HadCRUT4 courtesy Ed Hawkins, 2013.
Carbon-14 from the US Geological Survey, last 1,000 years.
HadCRUT3 data; https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data//temperature/HadCRUT3-gl.dat
Scafetta, N. (2010). Empirical evidence for a celestial origin of the climate oscillations and its implications. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 72(13), 951-970.
Foukal, P., at al (2006). Variations in solar luminosity and their effect on the Earth's climate. Nature, 443(7108), 161-166.
Svensmark, H. (2007b). Cosmoclimatology: a new theory emerges. Astronomy & Geophysics, 48(1), 1.18-11.24.
Aizen, E. M., et al (2016). Abrupt and moderate climate changes in the mid-latitudes of Asia during the Holocene. Journal of glaciology, 62(233), 411-439.
Rosenthal, Y., Linsley, B. K., & Oppo, D. W. (2013). Pacific ocean heat content during the past 10,000 years. Science, 342(6158), 617-621.
Lüdecke, H.-J. (2011). Long-term instrumental and reconstructed temperature records contradict anthropogenic global warming. Energy & Environment, 22(6), 723-745.
Rydval, M., et al. (2017). Reconstructing 800 years of summer temperatures in Scotland from tree rings. Climate Dynamics, 1-24.
Zhang, H., at al (2015). Late Holocene climate change and anthropogenic activities in north Xinjiang: Evidence from a peatland archive, the Caotanhu wetland. The Holocene, 25(2), 323-332.
Yan, H., et al. (2014). Higher sea surface temperature in the northern South China Sea during the natural warm periods of late Holocene than recent decades. Chinese science bulletin, 59(31), 4115-4122.
Orth, R., et al (2016). Did European temperatures in 1540 exceed present-day records? Environmental Research Letters, 11(11), 114021.
Kaniewski, D.et al (2011). The medieval climate anomaly and the Little Ice Age in coastal Syria inferred from pollen-derived palaeoclimatic patterns. Global and Planetary Change, 78(3), 178-187.
Ladurie, E. L. R., Delibrias, G., & Ladurie, M. L. R. (1975). La forêt de Grindelwald: nouvelles datations. Paper presented at the Annales. Économies, Sociétés, Civilisations.
Lamb, H. H. (2013). Climate: Present, Past and Future (Routledge Revivals): Volume 1: Fundamentals and Climate Now (Vol. 1): Routledge.
Tozer, C. R., Vance, T. R., Roberts, J. L., Kiem, A. S., Curran, M. A., & Moy, A. D. (2016). An ice core derived 1013-year catchment-scale annual rainfall reconstruction in subtropical eastern Australia. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 20(5), 1703.
He, Y., Liu, W., Zhao, C., Wang, Z., Wang, H., Liu, Y., . . . Liu, Z. (2013). Solar influenced late Holocene temperature changes
Usoskin, I. G., Solanki, S., & Kovaltsov, G. (2007). Grand minima and maxima of solar activity: new observational constraints.
Solanki, S. K., Usoskin, I. G., Kromer, B., Schüssler, M., & Beer, J. (2004). Unusual activity of the Sun during recent decades compared to the previous 11,000 years. Nature, 431(7012), 1084-1087.
Scafetta, N., & Willson, R. C. (2014). ACRIM total solar irradiance satellite composite validation versus TSI proxy models.
Shapiro, A., Schmutz, W., Rozanov, E., Schoell, M., Haberreiter, M., Shapiro, A., & Nyeki, S. (2011). A new approach to the long-term reconstruction of the solar irradiance leads to large historical solar forcing. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 529, A67.
Herrera, V. V., Mendoza, B., & Herrera, G. V. (2015). Reconstruction and prediction of the total solar irradiance:
Svensmark, H. (2007b). Cosmoclimatology: a new theory emerges. Astronomy & Geophysics, 48(1), 1.18-11.24.
Shaviv, N. J. (2008). Using the oceans as a calorimeter to quantify the solar radiative forcing. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 113(A11).
Neff, U., Burns, S., Mangini, A., Mudelsee, M., Fleitmann, D., & Matter, A. (2001). Strong coherence between solar variability and the monsoon in Oman between 9 and 6 ky ago. Nature, 411(6835), 290-293.
Gouretski, V., Kennedy, J., Boyer, T., & Köhl, A. (2012). Consistent near‐surface ocean warming since 1900 in two largely independent observing networks.
Lansner, F., & Pedersen, J. O. P. (2018). Temperature trends with reduced impact of ocean air temperature, Energy & Environment
Ljungqvist, F. C. (2010). A new reconstruction of temperature variability in the extra-tropical Northern Hemisphere during the last two millennia.
